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Womens Mental Health

Executive Summary

1. A key component to understanding and improving mental health treatment has been the realization of the critical role of gender in the risks, course, and treatment of mental illness.

A. True

B. False


Why Action Steps For Improving Women's Mental Heath?

2. Mental health is characterized by mental functions that result in productive activities, fulfilling relationships with others, and:  

A. The ability to live a positive and successful life

B. The ability to live without alterations in cognitions and temperament

C. The ability to adapt to change or cope with adversity

D. None of the above


Conceptual Framework of Issues Affecting the Mental Health of Women and Girls

3. Environmental factors that affect the mental health risks, diagnosis, treatment, and challenges for women and girls include:

A. Treatment access

B. Development factors

C. Intervention issues

D. Social stress factors


Key Themes and Issues

4. A number of new issues have emerged regarding the burden of mental illness and include each of the following EXCEPT:  

A. The importance of cultural and socioeconomic differences

B. The mental health of female veterans

C. Effects of trauma, violence, and abuse

D. Lifespan and intergenerational issues


Rates of Mental Illnesses: Gender Differences

5. Although overall men and women experience mental illness at similar rates, women are nearly three times as likely as men to suffer from major depression.

A. True

B. False


6. Gender differences in mental illness show that:

A. Rates of anxiety disorders are four to five times higher in women than men

B. Women represent 80 percent of all cases of eating disorders, which carry the highest mortality rate of all mental illnesses

C. Men are more likely than women to suffer from impulse control disorders and from substance use disorders

D. All of the above


7. Although the rates of schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorders in men and women are similar, the disorders have a later average age of onset and appear to be less severe in men compared with women.

A. True

B. False


8. Investigations suggest that there may be distinct differences between women and men in the activation of the amygdala, the part of the brain involved in the processing of emotional information.  

A. True

B. False


Cultural Effects and Disparities

9. Family and cultural environments influence the meaning individuals assign to illness, how they make sense of it, what the causes may be, and how much ____________ surrounds mental illness.  

A. Controversy

B. Risk

C. Turmoil

D. Stigma


Trauma, Violence, and Abuse

10. Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey indicate that ____ percent of women compared to ____ percent of men report having experienced a completed or attempted rape in their lifetime.      

A. 19.3; 4.2

B. 18.7; 3.6

C. 17.6; 3.0

D. 16.9; 2.7


11. Having a history of violence, trauma, or abuse is associated with increased risk of each of the following EXCEPT:  

A. Borderline personality disorder

B. Depression

C. PTSD and panic disorder

D. A tendency toward risky behaviors


Life Span and Intergenerational Issues

12. According to the National Comorbidity Survey, mental illnesses in both men and women often begin at a young age, with half occurring before age sixteen and three-fourths by the age of twenty-six.

A. True

B. False


13. Evidence suggests that girls may be less likely than boys to be identified as having a mental disorder, and thus may be more likely than their male peers to miss the opportunity for early intervention and treatment.

A. True

B. False


Resilience and Protective Factors

14. Resilience is characterized by:

A. The personal and community qualities that allow individuals to rebound from adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or other stresses

B. The ability to bounce back from difficult experiences

C. The ability to move forward in life with a sense of mastery, competence, and hope after misfortune

D. All of the above


15. Recent advances in mental health treatment, supported by the recommendations of the President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, have called for a transformation from a treatment model focused primarily on ________________ to one that incorporates long-term recovery.

A. Multiple therapies

B. Precautionary interventions

C. Acute care

D. Personal accountability


Integration of Mental Health and Primary Care

16. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the integration of primary care and mental health services?  

A. Individuals with mental illnesses are generally diagnosed through private health care providers, but rarely through public health care systems

B. Primary care or other general health providers care for more than half of those patients (52%) who are treated for depression

C. 49 percent of those with clinical depression and 57 percent with generalized anxiety disorders are diagnosed by a general medical provider

D. Women are more likely than men to visit a primary care physician, representing nearly 68 percent of all visits to these providers


17. The ability to receive mental health services in a primary care setting can help reduce the fear and stigma associated with mental illnesses.

A. True

B. False


Action--Promote Widespread Understanding of the Importance of Women’s Mental Health

18. There are important connections between mental illnesses and other diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, so approaching these conditions in an integrated fashion helps ensure the efficacy of disease management.

A. True

B. False


Action--Accelerate Research to Increase Knowledge

19. Several factors impact women's mental health, and diagnostic bias and gender differences in seeking treatment are considered:

A. Psychological factors

B. Behavioral considerations

C. Artifact

D. None of the above


20. Researchers point to the need to investigate animal models, neuroimaging, and __________________ to increase understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of mental illnesses and addictive disorders.  

A. Pharmocotherapy studies

B. Etiological studies

C. Histology studies

D. Genetic studies


Action--Increase Gender and Cutltural Diversity in Academic Research and Medicine

21. The growth of women in academic medicine has been slow, and women represent just one-fourth of medical faculty members in the U.S.

A. True

B. False


Action--Decrease Amount of Time Required to Translate Research Findings into Practice

22. Research suggests that the amount of time needed for evidence-based practices to be translated into the everyday delivery of mental health services and activities can be:  

A. 20-25 years

B. 15-20 years

C. 10-15 years

D. 5-10 years


Action--Recognize the Unique Prevalence of Trauma, Abuse, and Violence on the Lives of Women

23. Research literature related to trauma, violence, and abuse tends to focus primarily on potential interventions for women and girls who have been or may be at risk for being abused.    

A. True

B. False


Action--Promote a Recovery-Oriented , Strength-Based Approach to Treatment for Women

24. When treating mental illness, care should be focused on managing symptoms of the disorder and:  

A. Coping with challenges

B. Facilitating recovery

C. Building resilience

D. All of the above


Action--Build Resilience and Protective Factors

25. Optimism, positive self identity, societal roles, and cultural supports are examples of ____________________ protective factors.

A. Internal and external

B. Centralized and peripheral

C. Subjective and objective

D. Visceral and marginal


Action--Meet the Mental Health Needs of Girls and Young Women

26. In general, most mental illnesses and addictive disorders begin in early adulthood, so prompt detection is critical for bringing young adults the support and treatment they need.

A. True

B. False


Action--Incorportate Gender Issues Into Disaster Planning

27. The increased vulnerability faced by women in times of catastrophe needs to be well integrated into community-based disaster mitigation, planning, and exercises.

A. True

B. False


Appendix A--Cultural Framework: Identification and Intervention Issues

28. Critical issues in mental health treatment include the importance of consumer and provider empowerment, self determination, and ____________.        

A. Comfort

B. Strength

C. Choice

D. Focus


Appendix B--Women’s Mental Health Resources, Products, and Tools: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

29. The initiative that is designed to help adolescents form healthy relationships and to prevent dating abuse before it starts is known as:  

A. Choose Respect

B. Promote Dignity

C. Restore Manners

D. Improve Character


Nongovernment Resources--American Foundation for Suicide Prevention

30. The key theme for the youth suicide prevention campaign sponsored by the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention is: “Suicide Shouldn’t Be a Secret.”  

A. True

B. False


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