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Trauma Specific Services

Introduction

1. Trauma specific therapies that are present-focused primarily address each of the following EXCEPT:

A. Current coping skills

B. Psychoeducation

C. Managing symptoms for better functioning

D. Helping clients more effectively cope in the present with their traumatic experiences

2. A past-focused trauma orientation may be helpful for clients who are stable in their recovery and have histories of developmental trauma where much of the trauma has been repressed.

A. True

B. False

Trauma-Specific Treatment Models-Psychological First Aid

3. The primary helping response of psychological first aid is to provide a calm, caring, and supportive environment to set the scene for psychological recovery.

A. True

B. False

Advice to Counselors: Evidence Related to Immediate Interventions

4. Which of the following is NOT one of the findings of evidence related to immediate interventions following trauma?

A. Early, brief, focused psychotherapeutic intervention provided in an individual or group format can reduce distress in bereaved spouses, parents, and children

B. Selected cognitive–behavioral approaches may help reduce the incidence, duration, and severity of acute stress disorder

C. Participation in a one-session individual recital of events and expression of emotions evoked by a traumatic event will consistently reduce risk of later developing PTSD

D. The focus should initially be on screening with follow-up as indicated

Interventions Beyond the Initial Response to Trauma

5. Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a manualized 12-session treatment approach recommended as a first-line treatment option when the prominent trauma symptoms are intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, or trauma-related fears, panic, and avoidance.

A. True

B. False

Advice to Counselors: SIT Phases

6. SIT is a prevention and treatment approach that has three overlapping phases including conceptualization and education, skill acquisition and rehearsal, and:

A. Implementation and follow through

B. Evaluation and restructuring

C. Acceptance and tolerance

D. Role-play on stress-inducing situations and coping strategies

Integrated Models for Trauma-Integrated CBT

7. Integrated CBT is an empirically validated present-focused treatment model that attends to clinician processes and offers concrete strategies for clients dealing with histories of trauma.

A. True

B. False

Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model (TREM)

8. The TREM group intervention is designed for female trauma survivors with severe mental disorders, and focuses on empowerment, trauma recovery, modifications for special populations, and:

A. Providing options

B. Closing rituals

C. Defining goals

D. Evaluating lifestyle choices

Emerging Interventions-Mindfulness

9. Mindfulness interventions for trauma are designed to challenge limiting beliefs that arise from traumatic events, quell anxiety about future events, and help the survivor stay grounded in the present.

A. True

B. False

Concluding Note

10. In general, which of the following is NOT one of the factors to consider when choosing the choice of treatment model or approach to help trauma survivors?

A. The counselor’s training

B. Identified problems

C. The amount of time that has elapsed since the traumatic event

D. The client’s goals and readiness for treatment

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