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1. Some individuals are more vulnerable than others to becoming addicted to substances, depending on the interplay between genetic makeup, ____________________, and other influences.
A. Physical health factors
B. Family and social support
C. Coping skills and mechanisms
D. Age of exposure to drugs
2. Experts contend that most addicted individuals need at least 3 months treatment to significantly reduce or stop their drug use and that the best outcomes occur with longer durations of treatment.
A. True
B. False
3. Research has shown that long-term drug abuse results in changes in the brain that persist long after a person stops using drugs, including an inability to exert control over the impulse to use drugs despite adverse consequences.
A. True
B. False
4. Disulfiram and buprenorphine are commonly used to treat alcohol dependence.
A. True
B. False
5. Addiction to prescription stimulants should be treated with a combination of medication and 12-step therapies.
A. True
B. False
6. Individual drug treatment outcomes depend on the extent and nature of the patient's problems, the appropriateness of treatment and related services used to address those problems, and:
A. The social/environmental support that the patient has
B. The patient's involvement in treatment goals and strategies
C. The quality of interaction between the patient and his or her treatment providers
D. None of the above
7. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the health and social costs of substance abuse?
A. Substance abuse costs our Nation about $500 billion annually and treatment can help reduce these costs
B. The average cost for 1 full year of methadone maintenance treatment is approximately $4,700 per patient, whereas 1 full year of imprisonment costs approximately $24,000 per person
C. According to several conservative estimates, every dollar invested in addiction treatment programs yield a return of between $2 and $5 in reduced drug related crime
D. When savings related to health care are included, total savings from addiction treatment can exceed costs by a ratio of 10 to 1
8. For methadone maintenance, ____________ is considered the minimum treatment time, and some opioid-addicted individuals continue to benefit from methadone maintenance for many years.
A. 24 months
B. 18 months
C. 12 months
D. 6 months
9. Which of the following is NOT generally one of the individual factors related to engagement and retention in drug treatment?
A. Character traits such as resiliency and determination
B. Motivation to change drug using behavior
C. Degree of support from family and friends
D. Pressure from the criminal justice system, child protection services, employers, or family
10. Research indicates that individuals who enter treatment under legal pressure have much less favorable outcomes than those who enter treatment voluntarily.
A. True
B. False
11. Physical and sexual trauma followed by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is more common in drug-abusing women than in men seeking treatment.
A. True
B. False
12. When addressing the unique needs of adolescents with substance use disorders, each of the following factors should be considered EXCEPT:
A. Adolescent drug abuse is often associated with other co-occurring mental health problems, including oppositional defiant disorder, conduct problems, and depressive and anxiety disorders
B. Currently, the only addiction medication approved by FDA for people under 18 is buprenorphine, which is recommended for alcohol and opioid addicted adolescents
C. Treatments that facilitate positive parental involvement, integrate other systems in which the adolescent participates, and recognize the importance of prosocial peer relationships are among the most effective
D. Services that are developmentally, culturally, and gender-appropriate are integral when addressing adolescent addiction
13. Drug addiction is a disease of the brain that frequently occurs with other mental disorders, and as many as 6 in 10 people with an illicit substance use disorder also suffer from another mental illness.
A. True
B. False
14. HIV counseling and testing are key aspects of superior drug abuse treatment programs and should be offered to all individuals entering treatment.
A. True
B. False
15. The best known residential treatment model is the therapeutic community, with planned lengths of stay of between 6 and 12 months and a focus on the _________________ of the individual and use the program's entire community.
A. Reprogramming
B. Regrouping
C. Reconditioning
D. Resocialization
16. While some low-intensity outpatient treatment programs offer little more than drug education, other models such as intensive day treatment may have comparative services to residential programs.
A. True
B. False
17. In the U.S., methadone maintenance treatment is available in all fifty states through specially licensed opioid treatment programs or methadone maintenance programs.
A. True
B. False
18. The most recently FDA-approved medication for smoking cessation is ___________, which acts on a subset of nicotine receptors in the brain thought to be involved in the rewarding effects of nicotine.
A. Bupropion
B. Topirimate
C. Varenicline
D. Clonidine
19. Which of the following is NOT one of the specific cognitive behavioral therapy techniques recommended for drug abuse treatment?
A. Exploring the positive and negative consequences of continued drug use
B. Self-monitoring to recognize cravings early and identify situations that might put one at risk for use
C. Developing strategies for coping with cravings and avoiding those high-risk situations
D. Giving patients tangible rewards to reinforce positive behaviors such as abstinence
20. Acamprosate is used for alcohol addiction by blocking opioid receptors that are involved in the rewarding effects of drinking and the craving for alcohol.
A. True
B. False
21. Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) Plus Vouchers, an intensve outpatient therapy for cocaine and alcohol addiction, is designed to reduce alcohol consumption for patients whose drinking is associated with cocaine use and to:
A. Promote a patient's self-esteem, dignity and self-worth
B. Strengthen motivation and build a plan for change
C. Maintain abstinence long enough for patients to learn new life skills to help sustain it
D. Address co-occurring problems that impact alcohol and cocaine use
22. Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) is a counseling approach that helps individuals resolve their ambivalence about engaging in treatment and stopping their drug use in a rapid fashion.
A. True
B. False
23. The Matrix Model provides a framework for engaging stimulant abusers in treatment and helping them achieve abstinence by including elements of:
A. Relapse prevention
B. Family and group therapies
C. Drug education and self-help
D. All of the above
24. Family Behavior Therapy involves the patient and at least one significant other such as a cohabiting partner or a parent, and combines behavioral contracting with contingency management.
A. True
B. False
25. The family therapy model that targets family interactions that are thought to maintain or exacerbate adolescent drug use and other problem behaviors is:
A. Brief strategic family therapy
B. Multi-dimensional family therapy
C. Functional family therapy
D. Family systems therapy
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