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1. Youth violence occurs when young people between the ages of 13 and 17 years intentionally use physical force or power to threaten or harm others.
A. True
B. False
2. Homicide is the third leading cause of death among persons aged 10 to 24 years.
A. True
B. False
3. Self-report information indicates that 1 in _____ high school students was bullied at school or in a physical fight in the past year.
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
4. Youth who experience violence as _____ are more likely to have behavioral and mental health difficulties, including future violence perpetration and victimization, smoking, substance use, obesity, high-risk sexual behavior, depression, academic difficulties, school dropout, and suicide.
A. Victims
B. Perpetrators
C. Witnesses
D. All of the above
5. Physical aggression can be common among toddlers, and most children learn alternatives to using violence to solve problems and express their beliefs and emotions before starting elementary school.
A. True
B. False
6. In addition to early physical aggression, which other factor is associated with the future perpetration of violence and is evident in early childhood?
A. Impulsivity
B. Poor emotional control
C. Weak social and problem-solving skills
D. All of the above
7. Youth who are arrested, particularly before age _____, have a heightened risk for future violence and crime, school dropout, and substance abuse.
A. 11
B. 13
C. 15
D. 17
8. Chronic stress includes such issues as:
A. Living in impoverished neighborhoods
B. Frequently moving
C. Experiencing food insecurity
D. All of the above
9. Bullying is associated with an increased risk for all of the following, except for:
A. Weapon carrying
B. Affiliation with a gang
C. Physical fighting
D. Teen dating violence
10. The social and cultural context of communities and organizations is critically important to take into account when selecting strategies and approaches for implementation.
A. True
B. False
11. Family environments that _____ is a risk factor for youth violence and contribute to young people developing other risks, such as poor problem-solving skills and early and continued perpetration of aggression.
A. Lack structure and supervision
B. Have poor relationships and communication between family members
C. Use harsh or limited discipline with children
D. All of the above
12. Specific program content of parenting skill and family relationship programs typically varies by the age of the child but often has consistent themes of:
A. Child development
B. Parental monitoring and management of children’s behavior
C. Appropriate use of rewards and punishment
D. All of the above
13. Approaches that enhance family environment have demonstrated effects in preventing youth violence and other adolescent health risk behaviors.
A. True
B. False
14. Behavioral benefits are broader and sustained longer when _____ participate in the program.
A. The parent
B. The child
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. None of the above
15. Potential outcomes of preschool enrichment with family engagement includes the reduction in all of the following, except for:
A. Parental depression and stress
B. Aggressive behavior
C. Arrests, convictions, and incarceration
D. Child abuse and neglect, welfare encounters, and out-of-home placements
16. Evidence exists that preschool enrichment programs with family engagement can:
A. Reduce children’s aggression and conduct problems.
B. Reduce youth’s perpetration of violence and aggression during adolescence and young adulthood.
C. Both (A) and (B).
D. None of the above.
17. Skill-development has an extensive and robust research base, which shows building youth’s interpersonal, emotional, and behavioral skills can help reduce:
A. Youth violence perpetration
B. Youth violence victimization
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. None of the above
18. Young people’s risk for violence can be buffered through:
A. Strong connections to caring adults
B. Involvement in activities that help young people grow and apply new skills
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. None of the above
19. Opportunities to develop and practice which of the following is an important component of after-school programs that work?
A. Leadership
B. Decision-making
C. Self-management
D. All of the above
20. Potential outcomes of mentoring and after-school programs includes the reduction in all of the following, except for:
A. Teen pregnancy
B. Involvement in gang activity
C. Drug selling
D. Rates of school dropout
21. All of the following are ways of modifying the physical and social environment, except for:
A. Sponsoring community events that bring residents together.
B. Policies to improve the social and economic sustainability of neighborhoods.
C. Creating green space.
D. Abandon building and vacant lot remediation.
22. The goal of which of the following is to assist youth and families in making significant changes in their behavior in order to prevent youth from engaging in future acts of violence?
A. Treatment to lessen the harms of violence exposures.
B. Treatment to prevent problem behavior and further involvement in violence.
C. Hospital-community partnerships.
D. All of the above.
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