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Preserving Our Freedom: Ending Institutionalization of People with Disabilities During and After Disasters

Executive Summary/Introduction

1. According to the text, which of the following factors may lead to unnecessary institutionalization?

A. The number of available beds in local hospitals

B. The number of available beds in local long-term care facilities

C. The occupancy rate of local psychiatric hospitals

D. Access to power and medical necessities


2. A fellow health care professional has questions regarding the NCD's "key findings." Which of the following informational points of interest should be communicated to the health care professional?

A. According to the NCD, the Federal Government continues to issue conflicting guidelines about the institutionalization of people with disabilities.

B. According to the NCD, people with disabilities often have equal access to emergency and disaster-related programs.

C. According to the NCD, recipients of federal funds do have training in how to comply with the Rehabilitation Act’s mandate to provide equal access when using federal dollars.

D. According to the NCD, individuals with physical disabilities are not often unnecessarily institutionalized.


3. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends that Congress enact legislation by expansion of the previously introduced 2018 READI for Disasters Act, and the 2019 REAADI in Disasters Act.

B. NCD recommends that Congress enact legislation by expansion of the previously introduced 2018 READI for Disasters Act, and repeal the 2019 REAADI in Disasters Act.

C. NCD recommends that Congress should repeal the READI for Disasters Act.

D. NCD recommends that Congress should repeal the REAADI in Disasters Act by 2022.


Chapter 1: Occurrence of People with Disabilities Being Institutionalized During and After Disasters

4. The NCD recommends that Congress require CMS to establish a process for Medicaid portability among states and territories during disasters to ensure uninterrupted health maintenance and medical care in the least restrictive environment for Medicaid recipients.

A. True

B. False


5. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. According to the text, there was an increase in nursing home admissions after Hurricane Harvey made landfall in Texas.

B. According to the text, there was a decrease in nursing home admissions after Hurricane Harvey made landfall in Texas.

C. According to the text, there was no change in nursing home admissions after Hurricane Harvey made landfall in Texas.

D. According to the text, there was no data available regarding nursing home admissions after Hurricane Harvey made landfall in Texas.


6. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends that Congress require that HHS establish a data collection system and that data collection begins in 2022.

B. NCD recommends that Congress require that HHS establish a data collection system and that data collection begins in 2024.

C. NCD recommends that Congress require that HHS establish a data collection system and that data collection begins immediately after the next federally declared disaster.

D. NCD recommends that Congress require that HHS establish a data collection system and that data collection begins immediately after the next hurricane.


Chapter 2: The Detriments of Institutionalizing People with Disabilities During and After Disasters

7. The civil rights of people with disabilities are protected under the Rehabilitation Act.

A. True

B. False


8. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. Evidence shows that nursing homes are the preferred place for individuals with physical disabilities to live during disasters.

B. Evidence shows that nursing homes are the preferred place for individuals with mental disabilities to live during disasters.

C. Evidence shows that nursing homes are the preferred place for individuals under the age of 65 to live during disasters.

D. Evidence shows that nursing homes are particularly dangerous places to live during disasters.


9. A fellow health care professional has questions regarding students with disabilities. Which of the following informational points of interest should be communicated to the health care professional?

A. Disaster-impacted students with disabilities have legal protections under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1975.

B. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1975 only protects disaster-impacted students with physical disabilities.

C. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1975 only protects disaster-impacted students over the age of 25.

D. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1975 only protects disaster-impacted students under the age of 25.


10. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends that the U.S. Department of Education take action by 2028 to ensure that disaster-impacted students with disabilities are not excluded from returning to school with their peers and that all supports and services included in their IEP or Section 504 plan are provided without interruption.

B. NCD recommends that the U.S. Department of Education take action by 2030 to ensure that disaster-impacted students with disabilities are not excluded from returning to school with their peers and that all supports and services included in their IEP or Section 504 plan are provided without interruption.

C. NCD recommends that the U.S. Department of Education takes immediate action to ensure that disaster-impacted students with disabilities over the age of 25 are not excluded from returning to school with their peers and that all supports and services included on their IEP or Section 504 plan are provided with limited interruption.

D. NCD recommends that the U.S. Department of Education takes immediate action to ensure that disaster-impacted students with disabilities are not excluded from returning to school with their peers and that all supports and services included in their IEP or Section 504 plan are provided without interruption.


Chapter 3: Why People With Disabilities End Up Institutionalized During and After Disasters

11. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. A lack of communication between evacuation and shelter personnel typically impacts the preparedness phase of the disaster cycle.

B. A lack of communication between evacuation and shelter personnel typically impacts the response phase of the disaster cycle.

C. A lack of communication between evacuation and shelter personnel typically impacts the recovery phase of the disaster cycle.

D. A lack of communication between evacuation and shelter personnel typically impacts the response and recovery phases of the disaster cycle.


12. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. A lack of backup power in shelters typically impacts the preparedness phase of the disaster cycle.

B. A lack of backup power in shelters typically impacts the response phase of the disaster cycle.

C. A lack of backup power in shelters typically impacts the preparedness and response phases of the disaster cycle.

D. A lack of backup power in shelters typically impacts the response and recovery phases of the disaster cycle.


13. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. Separation of people with disabilities from their natural supports typically impacts the preparedness phase of the disaster cycle.

B. Separation of people with disabilities from their natural supports typically impacts the response phase of the disaster cycle.

C. Separation of people with disabilities from their natural supports typically impacts the recovery phase of the disaster cycle.

D. Separation of people with disabilities from their natural supports typically impacts the response and recovery phases of the disaster cycle.


14. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. The movement of people with disabilities to multiple sheltering locations typically impacts the preparedness phase of the disaster cycle.

B. The movement of people with disabilities to multiple sheltering locations typically impacts the response phase of the disaster cycle.

C. The movement of people with disabilities to multiple sheltering locations typically impacts the recovery phase of the disaster cycle.

D. The movement of people with disabilities to multiple sheltering locations typically impacts the response and recovery phases of the disaster cycle.


15. The NCD recommends federal entities require that all recipients and sub-recipients of federal funds receive training in the scope of their obligations to people with disabilities.

A. True

B. False


16. A fellow health care professional has questions regarding the guidelines of the Department of Justice (DOJ). Which of the following informational points of interest should be communicated to the health care professional?

A. According to the DOJ, mass care shelters should only serve individuals with special needs.

B. According to the DOJ, mass care shelters should only serve individuals with special needs over the age of 18.

C. According to the DOJ, medical shelters should provide a heightened level of medical care for people who are medically fragile.

D. According to the DOJ, medical shelters should provide a heightened level of medical care for people who are medically fragile and over the age of 18.


17. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends that the Veterans Administration and HHS should stop collaboration efforts.

B. NCD recommends that the Veterans Administration and HHS should stop collaboration efforts by 2030.

C. NCD recommends that the Veterans Administration and HHS collaborate to ensure disaster-related services for veterans are not integrated with other emergency and disaster services.

D. NCD recommends that the Veterans Administration and HHS collaborate to ensure disaster-related services for veterans are integrated with all other emergency and disaster services.


Chapter 4: Practices to Curtail and Prevent Institutionalization

18. A fellow health care professional has questions regarding disability organizations. Which of the following informational points of interest should be communicated to the health care professional?

A. Local disability organizations cannot offer solutions to prevent institutionalization.

B. Local disability organizations cannot offer solutions to prevent the institutionalization of individuals over the age of 65.

C. Local disability organizations can offer solutions to prevent institutionalization.

D. Local disability organizations can offer solutions to prevent institutionalization if contacted before a disaster.


19. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends that DHS/FEMA and HHS/ACL provide grant funds to support Independent Living Centers in their support of disaster-impacted people with physical disabilities in their community.

B. NCD recommends that DHS/FEMA and HHS/ACL provide grant funds to support Independent Living Centers in their support of disaster-impacted people with mental disabilities in their community.

C. NCD recommends that DHS/FEMA and HHS/ACL provide grant funds to support Independent Living Centers in their support of disaster-impacted people with disabilities in their community.

D. NCD recommends that DHS/FEMA and HHS/ACL provide limited grant funds to support Independent Living Centers in their support of disaster-impacted people with disabilities in their community


20. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends that HHS establish a process for states and territories for loaning and replacing durable medical equipment.

B. NCD recommends that HHS establish a process for states and territories for loaning and replacing durable medical equipment that may only be used in hospitals.

C. NCD recommends that HHS establish a process for states and territories for loaning and replacing durable medical equipment that may only be used in long-term care facilities.

D. NCD recommends that HHS establish a process for states and territories for loaning and replacing durable medical equipment that may only be used in nursing homes.


21. A fellow health care professional has questions regarding the guidelines of the 2019 REAADI for Disasters Act. Which of the following informational points of interest should be communicated to the health care professional?

A. The 2019 REAADI for Disasters Act will establish a research center that will not be defined in legislation.

B. The 2019 REAADI for Disasters Act will establish a research center to be defined in legislation.

C. The 2019 REAADI for Disasters Act will establish a research center, which will only be defined in specific state legislation.

D. The 2019 REAADI for Disasters Act will establish a research center to be defined in legislation in 2028.


Chapter 5: Recommendations/ Appendix

22. The NCD does not recommend passage of legislation such as the READI in Disasters Act and the Disaster Relief Medicaid Act.

A. True

B. False


23. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends state entities monitor recipients and sub-recipients of federal funds to ensure compliance throughout all disaster-related placement decisions by recipients and sub-recipients of federal financial funds.

B. NCD recommends state entities monitor recipients and sub-recipients of federal funds to ensure compliance throughout hurricane disaster placement decisions by recipients and sub-recipients of federal financial funds.

C. NCD recommends federal entities monitor recipients and sub-recipients of federal funds to ensure compliance throughout all disaster-related placement decisions by recipients and sub-recipients of federal financial funds.

D. NCD recommends that federal entities monitor recipients and sub-recipients of federal funds for a period of 10 days following a disaster.


24. Which of the following most represents an NCD recommendation?

A. NCD recommends that Congress amend the Stafford Act to stop the HHS from having active engagement with disability organizations.

B. NCD recommends that Congress amend the Stafford Act to limit the abilities of the HHS.

C. NCD recommends that Congress amend the Stafford Act to require HHS to have active engagement with disability organizations with specific expertise and involvement in national disability inclusive emergency management policy and practice.

D. NCD recommends that Congress amend the Stafford Act by 2030.


25. NCD recommends that the FCC reestablish its Emergency Access Advisory Committee to establish effective communication access requirements for alerts, warnings, and notification, excluding the provision of American Sign Language.

A. True

B. False


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