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1. Patient age has repeatedly been found to predict initiation and retention in general mental health treatment, psychotherapy, and evidence-based psychotherapy in that older patients are less likely to initiation and be retained in treatment.
A. True
B. False
2. What was the most frequent reason for treatment dropout given by soldiers with PTSD?
A. Feeling as though they could manage their symptoms on their own.
B. Their perceived need, or lack thereof, for treatment.
C. Experiencing high levels of avoidance symptoms.
D. Having enough social support outside of treatment that treatment is not needed.
3. While what constitutes readiness for PTSD treatment has not been explicitly defined, qualitative interviews with PTSD clinicians discovered that _____ is central to clinicians’ conceptualizations.
A. Willingness to remain in treatment and change behavior
B. Ability to tolerate and cope with negative emotions
C. “Buy-in” to the treatment rationale
D. Willingness to remain in treatment and change behavior, ability to tolerate and cope with negative emotions, and “buy-in” to the treatment rationale are all central to clinicians’ conceptualizations
4. How many motivational interviewing telephone sessions were needed to result in increased rates of mental health treatment initiation and greater treatment retention among VA-enrolled Iraq and Afghanistan war Veterans who screened positive for PTSD or another mental health problem?
A. Two
B. Four
C. Six
D. Eight
5. Compared to placebo, receiving 30 mg of hydrocortisone prior to prolonged exposure sessions containing imaginal exposure resulted in greater treatment retention and associated improvements in PTSD symptom severity.
A. True
B. False
6. In the broader psychotherapy literature, all of the following provider experience and relationship factors are associated with better retention, participation, and adherence, except for:
A. Empathy
B. Collaboration
C. Shared goals and priorities
D. Agreeableness
7. Compared to treatment as usual, the education / treatment-planning group was associated with higher likelihood of _____ evidence-based psychotherapies for PTSD.
A. Selecting
B. Completing
C. Selecting and completing
D. Neither selecting nor completing
8. Attendance at _____ or more sessions of cognitive processing therapy significantly predicted improvement in Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale scores and fully mediated the intervention effect at 12 months.
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
9. All of the following were determinants of mental health service initiation and/or retention, except for:
A. Severity of posttraumatic stress disorder
B. Depressive symptoms
C. Beliefs about mental health treatment
D. PTSD-related numbing symptoms
10. Among Veterans with a recent PTSD diagnosis, those diagnosed in PTSD specialty programs were more likely to initiate and be retained in treatment than those diagnosed in a general medical clinic.
A. True
B. False
11. The Trauma Management Therapy condition had greater improvements in _____ relative to exposure therapy only.
A. Depression
B. Social functioning
C. PTSD
D. Substance abuse
12. Self-management group therapy is designed to target _____ and includes self-monitoring of positive activities and daily mood, goal setting, and self-reinforcement for gains.
A. Depression
B. Social functioning
C. PTSD
D. Substance abuse
13. No treatment gains were observed for interpersonal group treatment when groups included one or more members who had a diagnosis of:
A. Bipolar disorder
B. Obsessive compulsive personality disorder
C. Borderline personality disorder
D. Attention deficit disorder
14. Analyses suggested that cognitive processing therapy for sexual abuse survivors is no more effective for reducing trauma-related symptoms than the minimal attention given to a wait-listed group.
A. True
B. False
15. There was a greater reduction in _____ for trauma-focused group psychotherapy (TFGT) compared with present-focused group psychotherapy (PFGT).
A. PTSD symptoms
B. Anger
C. Hyperarousal
D. Impaired self-reference
16. The presence of _____ has a “contagion” effect.
A. Depression
B. Anxiety
C. PTSD
D. Anger
17. Despite success in other populations, self-management therapy produced no clinically significant effect in _____ with chronic PTSD.
A. Depression
B. Anxiety
C. PTSD symptoms
D. Anger
18. Study results favor Seeking Safety over Women’s Health Education as an adjunct to substance use disorder treatment for women with PTSD.
A. True
B. False
19. Study results indicated that Veterans may prefer peer support groups that are separated according to:
A. Trauma type
B. Gender
C. Era of service
D. Veterans may prefer peer support groups that are separated according to trauma type, gender, and era of service
20. Most models had more effect on PTSD than SUD, suggesting SUD is harder to treat.
A. True
B. False
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