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1. When encountering a possible opioid overdose, a first important step is to immediately seek medical attention and encourage responder to call 911.
A. True
B. False
2. Signs of opioid overdose include each of the following EXCEPT:
A. Extreme sleepiness and inability to awaken verbally or upon sternal rub
B. Breathing problems ranging from slow to shallow breathing in a patient that cannot be awakened
C. Fingernails or lips turning blue/purple and extremely small “pinpoint” pupils
D. Mental confusion, slurred speech, and intoxicated behavior
3. Naloxone should be administered to any person who shows signs of and opioid overdose, and the subcutaneous route of administration may be more suitable for patients with a history of opioid dependence because it provides a slower onset of action and a prolonged duration of effect.
A. True
B. False
4. An appropriate response when monitoring the reoccurrence of signs and symptoms of opioid toxicity following a naloxone intervention includes:
A. Monitor for at least two hours from the last dose of naloxone or discontinuation of the naloxone infusion
B. Pay particular attention to the return of overdose symptoms after 90-120 minutes, as this is the amount of time that naloxone continues to work
C. Get the person to an emergency department or other source of medical care as quickly as possible, even if he or she revives after the initial dose of naloxone and appears to feel better
D. Stop rescue breathing immediately following naloxone administration, but monitor spontaneous breathing
5. Physicians and other health care providers can make a major contribution toward reducing the toll of opioid overdose through the care they take in prescribing opioid analgesics and monitoring patients’ response, as well as through their acuity in identifying and effectively addressing opioid overdose.
A. True
B. False
6. Rational drug therapy demands that the ___________________ of all potentially useful medications be reviewed for their relevance to the patient’s disease or disorder.
A. Efficacy and safety
B. Addictive possibilities and use history
C. Essentiality and promise
D. Availability and ramifications
7. Although the safety profile of naloxone is remarkably high when administered for opioid overdose, if given to individuals who are not opioid intoxicated or dependent, it produces several potentially dangerous chemical effects.
A. True
B. False
8. If a patient does not respond to naloxone, the most likely explanation is that the person is not overdosing on an opioid, but rather some other substance, or he or she may even be experiencing a non-overdose medical emergency.
A. True
B. False
9. Opioids respond by bonding to specific receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and ___________, and in doing so, they minimize the body’s perception of pain.
A. Muscles
B. Skin
C. Gastrointestinal tract
D. Joints
10. While many factors can contribute to opioid overdose, it is almost always an accident, and it is very likely that the underlying problem that led to opioid use still exists and continues to require attention.
A. True
B. False
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