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1. What makes measles particularly severe among certain populations?
A. It has a high transmission rate, especially among unvaccinated and immune-compromised individuals.
B. The virus mutates rapidly, making it difficult to track.
C. It can only be spread by animals, making it unpredictable.
D. The symptoms are mild, which makes diagnosis difficult.
2. How does measles primarily spread among individuals?
A. Direct blood-to-blood contact between individuals.
B. Through contaminated water sources consumed by communities.
C. By airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing by infected individuals.
D. Through soil contamination in agricultural settings.
3. What are some of the reasons for vaccine hesitancy observed among some populations?
A. High vaccine costs and lack of insurance.
B. Lack of understanding about disease severity, misinformation, and mistrust in vaccine safety.
C. Vaccine shortages and government restrictions.
D. Exclusive cultural beliefs prohibiting medical interventions.
4. Why is it challenging to detect the spread of measles in its early stages?
A. Symptoms are entirely different from other known illnesses.
B. It takes a rapid form that cannot be diagnosed until severe complications occur.
C. Symptoms initially resemble common cold or flu, delaying specific diagnosis.
D. Direct sunlight is needed to observe the rash, making it difficult in certain regions.
5. What is immune amnesia, and how does it relate to measles?
A. It results from measles which resets antibody production to target newer infections.
B. It enhances memory cells to rapidly respond to recurring infections.
C. It temporarily boosts immune response against multiple infections.
D. It refers to the reduction of immune memory leading to increased susceptibility to infections.
6. During which period is an individual with measles most contagious?
A. From the first sign of fever until rash begins to fade.
B. Four days before and after the appearance of the rash.
C. Only during the coughing phase of the illness.
D. After symptoms have resolved.
7. What are the recommended nursing interventions to prevent the spread of measles in a healthcare setting?
A. Applying standard and airborne precautions, including wearing appropriate PPE.
B. Administering antivirals and increasing room ventilation.
C. Isolating the patient without PPE to ensure comfort.
D. Using ultraviolet light to sanitize the room.
8. Why is vitamin A supplementation recommended for children with measles in certain situations?
A. It directly combats the measles virus, reducing infection rate.
B. It helps lower fever associated with measles.
C. It enhances the appetite of children during illness.
D. It reduces mortality in children with vitamin A deficiency by boosting overall health.
9. What steps can be taken to prevent the occurrence of measles outbreaks?
A. Providing only a single dose of the measles vaccine to everyone.
B. Increasing community immunity through education and vaccination, plus tracking and isolating outbreaks.
C. Setting temperature control standards in public places.
D. Mandatory quarantine of all international travelers.
10. What are Koplik spots, and why are they significant in diagnosing measles?
A. White spots in the mouth, appearing before the rash and are a key diagnostic feature.
B. Red marks on the legs, indicating end-stage illness.
C. Painless ulcers on the arms, core indicator of viral load.
D. Scaly patches on the scalp, signaling immune response.
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