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1. Effective prevention efforts address the tactics of human traffickers head on.
A. True
B. False
2. Although human trafficking affects every demographic, a common factor across all forms of modern slavery is the victims’:
A. Vulnerability to exploitation
B. Age
C. Sex
D. Country of origin
3. When inequality exists and where certain people lack access to social protection and justice, human traffickers are able to thrive.
A. True
B. False
4. A victim must be physically transported from one location to another for the crime to fall within the definition of trafficking in persons.
A. True
B. False
5. Public awareness campaigns typically target:
A. Those considered to be most at risk, such as migrant workers.
B. Those who may be contributing wittingly or unwittingly to the demand, such as public and private employers.
C. The general public, who may be able to spot the indicators of human trafficking and report suspicions to law enforcement.
D. All of the above.
6. In countries that lack formal procedures to identify trafficking victims among vulnerable populations, law enforcement may fail to identify victims and instead penalize them for crimes committed as a result of being subjected to trafficking.
A. True
B. False
7. A lack of which of the following renders individuals vulnerable to exploitation?
A. Registering births
B. Administering citizenship and nationality
C. Issuing identity documents
D. All of the above
8. Governments should:
A. Actively monitor labor recruitment agencies.
B. Train labor inspectors to identify signs of fraudulent recruitment.
C. Adopt and enforce policies that regulate foreign labor recruiters and hold them civilly and criminally liable for fraudulent recruitment.
D. All of the above.
9. In order to leverage resources and maximize exposure to the issue, governments and NGOs should integrate anti-trafficking elements into broader programs, including those that focus on:
A. Health
B. Crisis management
C. Rule of law
D. All of the above
10. By driving down demand for forced labor and commercial sex, the business of human trafficking becomes less profitable and traffickers will have less incentive to exploit victims.
A. True
B. False
11. To ensure they are not contributing to the problem of human trafficking, multilateral organizations and member states must institute and enforce policies to ensure that their personnel, including diplomats and peacekeepers, do not engage in trafficking in persons.
A. True
B. False
12. Should a day ever come when human trafficking ceases to exist, it will be:
A. Because traffickers have stopped trying to take advantage of vulnerable individuals.
B. The culmination of efforts from a global community that refuses to allow it to continue.
C. Both (A) and (B).
D. None of the above.
13. In 2015, UNHCR reported that 76 countries:
A. Criminalize consensual same-sex sexual conduct.
B. Provide for the death penalty for certain consensual same-sex sexual offenses.
C. Both (A) and (B).
D. None of the above.
14. In the United States, NGOs continue to report that LGBTI youth are over-represented among the runaway and homeless populations and have difficulties accessing tailored and non-discriminatory services. Those who are not self-sufficient are more susceptible to traffickers’ offers of shelter or food in exchange for performing commercial sex acts.
A. True
B. False
15. Very few migrants fleeing conflict rely on smugglers during their journeys, but instead are kidnapped by smugglers while on their journeys.
A. True
B. False
16. Which migrants are particularly vulnerable to human trafficking?
A. Women
B. Unaccompanied minors
C. Those denied asylum
D. All of the above
17. Human traffickers have attempted to illegally recruit refugees at migrant reception centers for low-paid work and prostitution.
A. True
B. False
18. Which of the following is a worthy prevention effort?
A. Inspections at worksites employing foreign laborers.
B. Training for police on indicators of sex and labor trafficking.
C. Providing refugees and asylum-seekers with opportunities to work.
D. All of the above.
19. _____ can empower traffickers to target person with disabilities with a sense of impunity.
A. Diminished access to the justice system
B. Limited avenues of recourse to address abuse
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. None of the above
20. Once family members report that a loved one has been subjected to human trafficking, it makes it easy for authorities to trace an individual, even if that individual lacks formal identity documents.
A. True
B. False
21. The term “child soldier” means all of the following, except for:
A. Any person under 18 years of age who takes a direct part in hostilities as a member of governmental armed forces.
B. Any person under 18 years of age who has been compulsorily recruited into governmental armed forces.
C. Any person under 18 years of age who has been voluntarily recruited into governmental armed forces.
D. Any person under 18 years of age who has been recruited or used in hostilities by armed forces distinct from the armed forces of a state.
22. A central tenet of the victim-centered approach is that victims of trafficking should not be held criminally responsible for their involvement in unlawful activities that are a direct consequence of their victimization.
A. True
B. False
23. Victims of trafficking would be no more likely to report their victimization knowing it would not lead to their arrest or prosecution as they would be believing that it would.
A. True
B. False
24. Vacatur is the formal recognition of:
A. Innocence due to being underage
B. Factual innocence
C. Innocence due to physical forced
D. Consent not properly given
25. A Tier 1 ranking indicates that:
A. A government has acknowledged the existence of human trafficking, has made efforts to address the problem, and meets the TVPA’s minimum standards.
B. A country has no human trafficking problem.
C. A country is doing enough to address their trafficking problem.
D. A Tier 1 ranking can indicate any of the above.
26. Tier rankings reflect an assessment of all of the following, except for:
A. Criminal penalties prescribed for human trafficking offenses with a maximum of at least four years’ deprivation of liberty, or a more severe penalty.
B. The extent to which a government ensure the safe, humane, and to the extent possible, voluntary repatriation and reintegration of victims.
C. Efforts undertaken exclusively by non-governmental actors in the country.
D. Government efforts to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts and international sex tourism.
27. Which of the following is an individual self-care strategy for healthy coping mechanisms for professionals in the anti-trafficking field?
A. Seek out support among peers in other organizations.
B. Talk with a mental health professional.
C. Participate in capacity building and training.
D. All of the above.
28. The President may determine to instruct the U.S. Executive Director of each multilateral development bank and the International Monetary Fund to vote against and use his or her best efforts to deny any loans or other uses of the institutions’ funds to a designated Tier 3 country for which of the following purposes?
A. Humanitarian assistance
B. Government official or employee participation in educational and cultural exchange programs
C. Trade-related assistance
D. Development-related assistance
29. Once a country reaches Tier 1, it is permanent.
A. True
B. False
30. Which tier is the United States of America in?
A. Tier 1
B. Tier 2
C. Tier 2 Watch List
D. Tier 3
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