Quantum Units Education®

Evidence and Recommendations

1. With the exception of medication interventions, very few or no randomized controlled trials are designed to address the effects of specific treatment for tobacco cessation.

Counseling and Psychosocial Evidence- Identifying Tobacco Users: Impact on Cessation

2. Evidence indicates that having a clinic system in place that identifies smokers increases rates of clinician intervention and produces significantly higher rates of smoking cessation.

Variables Associated With Higher or Lower Abstinence Rates

3. An example of a ___________________ variable is when a tobacco user is ready to quit within a one month period.

Intensity of Clinical Interventions

4. Abstinence rates are significantly increased by all levels of person to person counseling, with the most success occuring in:

Type of Clinican

5. Studies suggest that physicians and other clinicians are similarly effective in delivering tobacco cessation counseling.

Formats of Psychosocial Treatments

6. Successful smoking cessation interventions should be delivered in multiple formats including each of the following EXCEPT:

Quitline

7. Combining quitline telephone counseling with medication for smoking cessation tends to significantly improve abstinence rates.

Followup Assessment and Procedures

8. Patients who have relapsed after a tobacco dependence intervention should be assessed to deternine whether they are willing to make another quit attempt.

Types of Counseling and Behavioral Therapies

9. Which of the following is NOT one of the practical counseling techniques used to improve abstinence rates for smokers?

Acupunture

10. Sufficient evidence has demonstrated that acupunture and hypnosis are effective treatments for smoking cessation.  

Combining Counseling and Medication

11. Which of the following is an accurate statement about combining counseling and medication for smoking cessation?

Medication Evidence

12. Medication use may not be appropriate for those with medical contraindications, those smoking fewer that 10 cigarattes a day, pregnant/breastfeeding women, and smokeless tobacco users.

Recommendations Regarding Individual Medications: First-Line Medications

13. Studies indicated that the highest abstinence rate at 6-month post quit occurs with which type of medication monotherapy?  

Bupropion SR (Sustained Release)

14. Bupropion SR was the first non-nicotine medication shown to be effective for smoking cessation and was approved by the FDA for that use in 1997?

Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs)

15. Although several nicotine replacement therapies are available as over the counter (OTC) medication, _______________ requires a prescription.

Recommendations Regarding Second-Line Medications

16. Clonidine and Nortriptyline are recommended for use under a physician's supervision as a second-line agent to treat tobacco dependence.

Relative Effectiveness of Medications

17. Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and naltrexone produce a lower likelihood of 6-month and 12-month abstinence rates than other tested medications.

Precessation NRT Use

18. Patients are advised to cease nicotine replacement therapy if they have symptoms of nicotine toxicity such as nausea, vomiting and dizziness.  

Extended Use of Medications

19. Certain groups of smokers may benefit from long-term medication use as demonstrated by the _______ percent of successful abstainers who continue to use nicotine gum for a year or longer.

Clinician Training and Reminder Systems

20. Tobacco cessation strategies for clinicians should include assessment of smoking status (ask), provision of treatment (assist) and:  

21. Recommendations to promote the training of clinicans in tobacco intervention activities include:

Cost-Effectiveness of Tobacco Dependence Interventions

22. A recent report of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that tobacco dependence costs the nation more than ________ per year in direct medical expenses and _________ in lost productivity.

Health Care Costs and Utilization Pre-and Postquit

23. Among individuals who quit tobacco use, health care costs typically increase during the year in which smokers quit then decline progressively, falling below those of continuing smokers from 1 to 10 years after quitting.  

24. Tobacco cessation treatment has proven to be particularly cost effective in certain populations, such as cardiovascular patients and those with substance abuse issues.

Providing Treatment for Tobacco Use and Dependence as a Covered Benefit

25. Compared to not having tobacco use treatment as a covered insurance benefit, individuals with the benefit were more likely to receive treatment, make a quit attempt, and abstain from smoking.