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1. The delivery of effective care usually requires which of the following?
A. A strong provider-patient relationship.
B. A multidisciplinary approach.
C. Frequent office visits.
D. All of the above.
2. Many patients have inaccurate information about HIV infection that can heighten their anxiety, sabotage treatment adherence, and interfere with prevention behaviors.
A. True
B. False
3. Health care providers should do which of the following?
A. Offer care in a patient-centered environment that allows the patient to actively participate in care decisions and provides patient-specific education.
B. Encourage patients to learn all they can about their condition.
C. Give accurate information regarding prognosis and antiretroviral therapy.
D. All of the above.
4. Health care providers need to recognize that patients’ emotional states affect their ability to solve problems and attend to important medical or social issues, therefore providers should do which of the following?
A. Assess each patient’s emotional state and the availability of friends and family for emotional support.
B. Screen for anxiety, depression (including suicidal ideation), and substance abuse.
C. Refer patients to community resources for crisis counseling, support groups, and, if appropriate, psychiatric treatment to help them achieve emotional stability.
D. All of the above.
5. A team approach to health care with the patient as the central team player should be adopted.
A. True
B. False
6. Bolster patients’ self-confidence by adopting action plans that are all of the following, except:
A. Realistic
B. Something the patient finds of value
C. Goal oriented with large goals that the patient must really work to attain
D. Action-specific
7. There should be separate facilities for HIV-infected patients and health are providers should follow special procedures when treating patients infected with HIV.
A. True
B. False
8. Culturally competent communication between provider and patient may substantially affect adherence with therapies, therefore providers should do all of the following, except:
A. Carefully explore what each patient believes about his or her health, what would be appropriate treatment, and who should be involved in medical decision making.
B. Use the spouse or other family as an interpreter to help overcome language barriers.
C. Use case managers and peer educators to help bridge social barriers. The team of peer educators should be culturally diverse in order to be effective with all minority groups.
D. All of the above.
9. Personnel policies should reinforce measures such as requirements that papers and computer screens containing patient-identifying information not be left unattended and should include provisions for documenting whether phone messages can be left for the patient, and if so, with whom.
A. True
B. False
10. All AIDS diagnoses and, in some states, all positive HIV test results must be reported to the state health department. State laws vary in notification of potentially exposed individuals, but the name of the source contact is required to be revealed to the person being notified.
A. True
B. False
11. To facilitate linkage to care, every HIV clinic should be linked to agencies that provide HIV testing and services for persons with HIV, and make clinic access easy and comfortable for the clients of those outside services.
A. True
B. False
12. Patients should receive understanding and support, even if they arrive at the clinic without the required managed care referral form.
A. True
B. False
13. Effective selection, training, and supervision of peer advocates are extremely important because they are not required to adhere to confidentiality rules or provide information to clinical staff.
A. True
B. False
14. Staff members must know to whom a patient has disclosed his or her status; in verbal and written correspondence, staff members must avoid unintended disclosure of the patient’s HIV infection.
A. True
B. False
15. Which of the following increases adherence with antiretroviral therapy?
A. Outreach by health care professionals.
B. Outreach by any program staff member.
C. Initial face-to-face contact with medical providers.
D. All of the above.
16. At minimum, HIV medical care providers need to offer all of the following, except:
A. Care of common general medical illnesses including hypertension, dyslipidemia, uncomplicated diabetes, obesity, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
B. Confirmation of HIV infection.
C. Education, recommendations, and management regarding antiretroviral therapy.
D. Screening and referral for common comorbidities.
17. Tasks during a clinical visit should include:
A. Verify patient’s current contact information and current insurance status.
B. Assess medication adherence.
C. Teach and provide behavior change counseling about medications and self-care.
D. All of the above.
18. Many ASOs and clinics host mandatory support groups for patients.
A. True
B. False
19. Quality improvement in the HIV field is directed toward achieving all of the following important health outcomes, except for:
A. HIV viral load suppression
B. Retention in care
C. Decreased rates of HIV transmission to others
D. Reductions in readmissions and emergency department utilization
20. Which of the following is a core principle of quality improvement?
A. Emphasis on systems of care: improve processes that link to desired outcomes.
B. Focus on the customer: understanding patients’ experiences in the clinic will identify areas that are important for improving care.
C. Involvement of participants: encourage direct participation in teams by those individuals who implement the processes being evaluated.
D. All of the above are core principles of quality improvement.
21. The best way of implementing QI programs is to rely solely upon performance data, as this indicates what is working the best and where problems lie.
A. True
B. False
22. Quality measures should be all of the following, except:
A. Reflect priorities specific to the national goals.
B. Based on standards or guidelines.
C. Meet the primary goals of QI.
D. Represent processes where changes are feasible.
23. Which of the following is not one of the three major activities that constitute the process of developing performance measures?
A. Defining the measurement population
B. Defining the measures
C. Calculating sample size needed to achieve statistical significance
D. Developing the data collection plan
24. Patients with a diagnosis of HIV and an HIV viral load of __________ at their last HIV viral load test are considered to have HIV viral load suppression.
A. <100 copies/mL
B. <200 copies/mL
C. <300 copies/mL
D. <400 copies/mL
25. The presence of which of the following should prompt HIV testing?
A. HCV
B. Chronic HBV
C. Tuberculosis
D. Any of the above
26. Health care providers in correctional settings are in a key position to evaluate inmates for HIV risk factors, to offer HIV testing, and to educate and counsel this high-risk group about HIV.
A. True
B. False
27. Risk-reduction counseling addresses specific ways the inmates can reduce the risk of becoming infected with HIV. If an inmate is already HIV infected, the goal of counseling is to maintain antiretroviral therapy adherence.
A. True
B. False
28. The benefits of directly observed therapy include each of the following, except:
A. More frequent interactions between the patient and the health care team.
B. Earlier identification of side effects and other issues.
C. Greater privacy and confidentiality regarding HIV status.
D. Better medication adherence resulting in better control of HIV.
29. At the time of discharge from the correctional facility, all HIV-infected inmates should have a discharge plan that addresses each of the following, except for:
A. Housing
B. Health insurance
C. A 14-day supply of HIV medications
D. Follow-up appointments for medical care and, if necessary, psychiatric and substance abuse care
30. Rarely are patients able to absorb all of the necessary information in a single session. Attention and comprehension levels are optimal during the first 30-45 minutes of a visit, after which an individual’s ability to absorb and retain information declines.
A. True
B. False
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