Quantum Units Education®

Introduction

1. The health of the child population is reflective of the overall health of a nation, and policy makers and program planners must develop effective policies and programs that will establish healthy habits and maximize the health of children for now and for the future.

2. Recent studies summarizing family characteristics and their role in the health and well-being of children indicate that _____ percent of women with children under 18 years of age were in the labor force, and _____ percent of children from birth through age 5 were in child care for 10 or more hours per week.

Population Characteristics-Population of Children

3. The age distribution of the United States population has shifted significantly in the past several decades, with the percentage of the population that is under 18 increasing slightly since the 1980s.

Children in Poverty

4. Poverty affects many aspects of childrens' lives in the United States, and 2009 statistics indicate that:

Adopted Children

5. Adopted children in the United States often have special health care issues, and those adopted internationally have the greatest needs when compared to foster care and private adoptions.

Education

6. Historically, ______________ students have had the highest dropout rates among youth of all racial/ethnic groups.

Child-Family Connectedness

7. Sharing meals is a bonding activity that encourages child-family connectedness, and those families with the higher incomes tend to share meals more frequently with than those who fall below the poverty level.

Maternal Age

8. Since 1991, birth rates for teenagers aged 15-19 years have:

Health Status

9. Monitoring the health status of young people allows health professionals, program planners, and policymakers to assess the impact of past and current health intervention and prevention programs and identify _______________ within the child population.

Low Birth Weight

10. Low birth weight is a leading cause of neonatal mortality, and recent data showed that the rate of low birth weight was highest among babies born to women younger than 15 years of age, followed by babies born to women aged 40-54 years.

Very Low Birth Weight

11. Infants born at a very low birth weight (less than 1,500 grams, or 3 pounds 4 ounces) are _____ times more likely to die in the first year of life than are infants of normal birth weight.

Breastfeeding

12. In addition to promoting the health and development of infants, including their immunity to disease, breastfeeding also provides a number of maternal benefits, such as a decreased risk of breast and ovarian cancers.

Infant Morality

13. In 2009, the leading cause of infant morality was:

Vaccine-Preventable Diseases

14. In 2005, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) instituted the recommendation that all children be immunized for hepatitis A starting at 1 year of age, because prior to this time two-thirds of cases were occurring in states where the vaccine was not currently recommended.

Pediatric HIV and Aids

15. Racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by HIV and in 2009, non-Hispanic Black children accounted for over _____ of diagnosed HIV cases, but represented only 15 percent of the total U.S. population in this age group.

Hospitalization

16. While injuries are the leading cause of death among people aged 10-14, the leading cause for hospitalization for this age group is:

Chronic Health Problems

17. Which of the following is NOT one of the most chronic health conditions found among children aged 0-17 years?

Abuse and Neglect

18. Children aged 8-11 accounted for the greatest percentage of state child protective services (CPS) agency referrals for abuse and neglect in 2009.

Sexual Activity and Education

19. For those high school students who have reported having sexual intercourse at least once, no significant difference was observed between males and females with respect to the proportion who reported sexual activity within each grade level.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

20. Although young people aged 15-24 years represent only one-quarter of the sexually experienced population, they acquire nearly ____ percent of all new sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Sedentary Behaviors

21. Each of the following is an accurate statement about sedentary behaviors among children EXCEPT:

Overweight and Obesity

22. Obesity is a serious health concern for children, and obese youth are more likely to have risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as high cholesterol, ________________, and Type 2 diabetes

Mental Health

23. Among adolescents experiencing a major depressive episode (MDE), approximately one-third also experienced severe impairment defined by the degree to which activities and roles, such as completing chores at home, going to school or work, or maintaining close family relationships are affected.

Violence

24. Results from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System showed that, in 2009, approximately ______________ high school students reported that they were hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by their boyfriend or girlfriend at least once in the past 12 months.

Bullying

25. Bullying is defined as aggressive behavior that:

Cigarette Smoking

26. Among adolescents, non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native students are the most likely to smoke cigarettes, with non-Hispanic white students being the second largest group of smokers.

Substance Abuse

27. Marijuana is consistently the most commonly used illicit drug among adolescents, followed by:

Health Services Finacing and Utilization

28. Although progress has been made in the area of health care coverage for children, about _____________ children remain uninsured in the United States.

Mental Health Treatment

29. Research indicates that the most commonly reported reason that adolescents seek mental health treatment is problems with home life/family, followed closely by feelings of depression.

Well-Child Visits

30. Well-child visits are recommended by The American Academy of Pediatrics to offer an opportunity to monitor children's health and provide immunizations, to assess a child's behavior and development, to discuss nutrition, and to answer parents' questions.

Medical Home

31. Experts recommend that children's medical care be accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family centered, coordinated, compassionate, and:

State Data

32. Geographic differences in health status and health care utilization are important considerations when tailoring health programs and interventions to specific populations.

Health Insurance Status of Child Under 18

33. In 2009, the greatest percentage of uninsured children in the United States lived in _____________, while the lowest percentage lived in _____________.

City Data

34. Comparisons between urban health care and national averages show that the health status of infants living in large U.S. cities is generally poorer than that of infants in the nation as a whole.

Infant Morality

35. The infant mortality rate in cities has consistently been higher than the rate nationwide, and this rate has been increasing steadily over the past decade, creating an even larger disparity between urban infant deaths and those in the nation as a whole.