Quantum Units Education®

Executive Summary

1. The primary objectives of the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) include describing each of the following EXCEPT:

Stalking Victimization by Any Perpetrator

2. One in 5 women and 1 in 14 men in the United States have experienced stalking victimization at some point during their lifetime.

Implications for Prevention

3. Violence prevention efforts should start early by promoting healthy parent-child relationships as well as the development of positive family dynamics and emotionally supportive environments.

Background and Methods

4. Research has shown that experiencing sexual violence, intimate partner violence, and stalking during childhood and adolescence increases the likelihood of experiencing these forms of violence as an adult.

Survey Instrument

5. Expressive psychological aggression includes behaviors such as:

Lifetime and 12 Month Prevalence Estimates of Violence

6. Twelve month prevalence estimates of violence are used to access information about the burden of violence within a population.

Sexual Violence Victimization

7. Sexual coercion refers to unwanted vaginal, oral, or anal sex after being pressured in each of the following ways EXCEPT:

Lifetime and 12 Month Prevalence of Sexual Violence-U.S.Women, NISVS 2010

8. The estimated number of women who reported being raped in the 12 months prior to taking the 2010 NISVS was:

9. According to the NISVS, the fewest incidences of rape and sexual violence by race/ethnicity were reported by Hispanic women.

Sexual Violence Other than Rape

10. The most commonly reported perpetrators of non-contact unwanted sexual experiences against women are:

Age at the Time of First Completed Rape Victimization

11. More than one-quarter of male victims of completed rape (27.8%) were first raped when they were 10 years old or younger.

How NISVS Measured Stalking

12. Individuals are considered stalking victims if they experienced multiple stalking tactics or a single stalking tactic multiple times by the same perpetrator and felt very fearful, or believed that they or someone else close to them would be harmed or killed as a result of the perpetrator's behavior.

Tactics Used in Lifetime Reports of Stalking Victimization

13. About one-fourth of male and female stalking victims report being watched, followed or tracked with a listening or other device.

Violence by an Intimate Partner-How NISVS Measured Intimate Partner Violence

14. One type of psychological aggression is _____________ which includes behaviors that are intended to monitor and control or threaten an intimate partner.

Prevalence of Rape, Physical Violence, and/or Stalking by an Intimate Partner

15. Which of the following accurately describes the occurrence of rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner?

Sexual Violence by an Intimate Partner

16. While too few men reported rape by an intimate partner to produce reliable prevalence estimates, approximately 1 in 18 reported experiencing sexual violence other than rape by an intimate partner in his lifetime.

Psychological Aggression by an Intimate Partner

17. The rates for men and women who have experienced at least one form of psychological aggression by an intimate partner during their lifetime are very similar, with about one-half of males and females experiencing this type of violence during their lives.

Psychologically Aggressive Behaviors Experienced by Female Victims

18. Among female victims of psychological aggression, the most commonly reported behavior was witnessing an intimate partner act angry in a way that seemed dangerous or threatening.

Age at the Time of First IPV Experience Among Those who Experienced Rape, Physical Violence, and/or Stalking by an Intimate Partner

19. For men and women who have experienced rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner, the greatest majority have the first experience of this type between the ages of:

Impact of Intimate Partner Violence

20. Evidence from several studies suggests that as the frequency and severity of violence increases, the impact of the violence on the health of victims also becomes increasingly severe.

How NISVS Measured the Impact of Intimate Partner Violence

21. In order to measure the impact of intimate partner violence, the NISVS asked participants about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms including having nightmares, feeling numb or attached from others, trying hard not to think about the violence, and:

22. The highest reported intimate partner violence impact reported by men and women was being concerned for safety, followed by experiencing injuries related to the violence.

Distribution of IPV-Related Impacts Among Victims

23. Among victims of rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner, approximately ____ women and _____ men missed at least one day of work or school as a result of the violence.

Physical and Mental Health Outcomes by Victimization History

24. Research suggests that when compared to non-victims, victims of intimate partner and sexual violence:

25. Which of the following is NOT one of the probable explanations for the association between violence victimization and poor health?

How NISVS Measured Health Outcomes

26. Survey questions to measure health outcomes included those assessing frequency of headaches, chronic pain, and sleeping difficulties.

Prevalence of Physical and Mental Health Outcomes by Victimization History

27. The percentage of women who considered their physical or mental health to be poor was almost three times higher among women with a history of violence compared to women who have not experienced these forms of violence.

Sexual Violence, Stalking, and Intimate Partner Violence by State

28. State-level data on intimate partner violence help to define the nature and burden of the problem within a state and can be used to inform prevention planning and response.

29. State-level prevalence estimates of rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner may be impacted by external stressors such as economic downturn, job loss, and:

Lifetime Prevalence of Sexual Violence by Any Perpetrator by State of Residence-U.S.Women, NISVS 2010

30. For women in the United States, the highest percentage of reported sexual violence other than rape occurred in __________, while the lowest percentage was in _________.

Lifetime Prevalence of Sexual Violence Other Than Rape by Any Perpetrator by State of Residence-U.S.Men, NISVS 2010

31. The highest percentage of sexual violence other than rape reported by U.S. men occurred in Idaho, Tennessee, and Arizona.

Lifetime Prevalence of Rape, Physical Violence, and/or Stalking by an Intimate Partner by State of Residence-U.S.Men, NISVS 2010

32. Throughout the United States, men reported the lowest percentage of rape, physical violence and stalking by an intimate partner in South Carolina, while the highest percentage was in West Virginia.

Lifetime Prevalence of Rape, Physical Violence, and/or Stalking by an Intimate Partner with IPV-related Impact by State of Residence-U.S.Women

33. Women reported the greatest injury and need for medical care as a result of intimate partner violence in which state?

Discussion-Highlights and Cross-Cutting Findings

34. Victims who reported rape prior to 18 years of age had a higher prevalence of subsequent victimization of rape as an adult.

35. For all types of violence examined in the NISVS, the majority of both female and male victims had more than one perpetrator.

36. Nearly ____ of male stalking victims in the study reported perpetration by a male, while male victims of other forms of violence reported predominantly female perpetrators.

37. A number of social determinants of mental and physical health, such as low income, limited exposure to education, and poor access to __________________ are likely reasons that racial and ethnic minority women and men continue to bear a relatively heavier burden of sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence.

Limitations

38. Although the NISVS captures a full range of victimization experiences, the estimates reported are likely to underestimate the prevalence of sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence because:

39. Even with limitations, population-based surveys that collect information directly from victims remain one of the most important sources of data on sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence.

Implications for Prevention-Implement Prevention Approaches

40. The goal of public health is to ensure appropriate responses once intimate partner violence occurs.

Promote Healthy, Respectful Relationships Among Youth

41. Which of the following is NOT one of the recommended strategies to build healthy parent-child relationships that will address risk factors for intimate partner violence?

Relationships with Peers and Dating Partners

42. Characteristics of respectful relationships include the belief in a partner's right to shared decision-making, trust, and:

Address Beliefs, Attitudes, and Messages that Condone, Encourage, or Facilitate Sexual Violence, Stalking, or Intimate Partner Violence

43. Societal and community norms, policies, and structures that portray sexual violence, stalking, or intimate partner violence as normative and acceptable, that reinforce negative stereotypes about masculinity, or that objectify and degrade women must be changed in order to promote respectful, nonviolent relationships.

44. Another strategy to prevent or decrease intimate partner violence involves engaging _____________ to change social norms and intervene before violence occurs.

Ensure Appropriate Response

45. Primary prevention programs and services are essential for treating and reducing the consequences and severity of violence and for intervening in the cycle of violence.

Provide Survivors with Coordinated Services and Develop a System of Care

46. The Institute of Medicine recommends that screening and counseling for all women and adolescent girls for interpersonal and domestic violence be included as a preventive service in health insurance plans.

Ensure Access to Services and Resources

47. Each of the following is recommended when ensuring that legal, housing, mental health, and other services and resources are available and accessible to violence survivors EXCEPT:

Support Efforts Based on Strong Research and Data

48. Violence prevention strategies need to take into account that strong research is necessary to set priorities, guide the development of interventions, programs and policies, and monitor progress, while data is necessary to identify new trends in violence as well as strategies for prevention and intervention.

Identify Ways to Prevent First-Time Perpetration of Sexual Violence, Stalking, and Intimate Partner Violence

49. Further research is needed to address the social and economic conditions that increase risk for violence perpetration and victimization, such as poverty, sexism, and other forms of discrimination and social exclusion.

Conclusion

50. Much progress has been made in violence prevention, and further sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence can be prevented with data driven, ____________ action.