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1. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem especially among which demographic group(s)?
A. Male adolescents and young adults ages 15 to 24
B. Elderly people of both sexes 75 years and older
C. Children aged 5 and younger
D. All of the above
2. Fully half of all TBI incidents involve alcohol use.
A. True
B. False
3. This injury often occurs in car accidents after high-speed stops and in shakenbaby syndrome, a severe form of head injury that occurs when a baby is shaken forcibly enough to cause the brain to bounce against the skull:
A. concussion
B. hypoxia
C. contrecoup
D. intracerebral hematoma
4. Drugs that can be used to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) include mannitol or barbiturates.
A. True
B. False
5. For patients who suffer "locked-in syndrome", which of the following is true:
A. The upper portions of the brain are damaged and the lower portions are spared.
B. They do not respond to external stimuli, such as pain or light, and do not have sleep-wake cycles.
C. Damage to specific portions of the lower brain allows most to communicate through movements and sometimes move facial muscles.
D. All of the above
6. One direct result of hypermetabolism often developed by TBI victims is:
A. Dysfunction of the pituitary gland
B. Personality changes
C. Tinnitus
D. Muscle wasting and the starvation of other tissues
7. Patients with _________________ display little meaning in their speech, even though they speak in complete sentences and use correct grammar. Instead, theyspeak in flowing gibberish, drawing out their sentences with non-essential and invented words.
A. Non-fluent aphasia, also called Broca’s aphasia
B. Fluent aphasia, also called Wernicke’s aphasia
C. Dysarthria
D. Prosodic dysfunction
8. Recent research suggests no association between head injury in early adulthoodand the development of Alzheimer's disease later in life, as was once theorized.
A. True
B. False
9. What specific areas of current research by The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) are mentioned in this article?
A. Reduction of calcium ion influx through various means
B. The use of stem cells to repair or replace damaged brain tissue
C. The plasticity of the brain and the rewiring of neural connections
D. All of the above
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