1. A needs assessment is a research and planning activity that can help develop a substance abuse prevention strategy that best fits a community. Each of the following is an accurate statement about the needs assessment EXCEPT:
A. Assessment is a basic step and the “needs” and the resources that already exist must be identified in order to address those needs and to be able to create an appropriate prevention effort
B. Assessment leads to design, which leads to implementation, which leads to evaluation, which in turn leads back to assessment
C. By conducting a needs assessment, it can be determined whether a community or organization is ready, willing, and able to address the problem, as well as which resources are available and which community leaders are willing to take a stand and support change
D. Presenting needs assessment data, such as studies about substance abuse and other risky behaviors among local youths, may stir up a great deal of emotion among community members and is likely to be counterproductive to the needs assessment
2. Care in choosing a specific prevention issue and a target audience are keys to a winning substance abuse prevention strategy. Which of the following correctly describes substance use and abuse issues that should be considered when developing a plan?
A. Illicit drug use starts early and spreads quickly-nearly 3 in 25 teens aged 12 to 13 report past month use of an illicit drug, and among 16- to 17-year-olds, the rate is 1 in 6
B. Two out of five 18- to 25-year-olds are binge drinkers, and one in four admit to driving under the influence of alcohol in the past year
C. Hispanic and African American youths have the lowest rates of marijuana use, and youths make up almost one-third of all persons who begin using pain relievers for nonmedical reason
D. The number of youths under age 18 who began using inhalants has risen each year since 1993, and topped 500,000 in 2003, and because inhalants are easy to get, young people sometimes use them before tobacco or alcohol
3. Positive temperament, belief on one’s ability to control what happens and to adapt to change, unity, warmth, and attachment between parents and children, and resources available to the family are all protective factors for youth which make them less likely to use and abuse substances.
A. True
B. False
4. Decades of research and expert thinking have provided insight about how substance abuse problems arise. A public health model stresses interactions among an agent-such as alcohol, tobacco, or a drug, the host or individual user, and:
A. The behavior and coping skills of the user
B. The emotional reactions of the user
C. The social, cultural, and physical context in which use occurs
D. All of the above
5. Everyone has alliances to culture, and culture affects how people think, feel, and act with regard to alcohol, tobacco, and drug use, and as a result, substance abuse prevention strategies should align with current values and standards. Effective programs should do all of the following EXCEPT
A. Accept that diversity between cultures is much more important than differences within cultures in regard to substance abuse prevention
B. Accept culture as a leading force in shaping behaviors, values, and institutions, and recognize and accept that cultural differences exist and affect delivery of services
C. Recognize that concepts such as “family” and “community” are different among cultures and different even for groups within cultures
D. Understand that people from different racial and ethnic groups and groups within cultures are served best by persons who are part of or in tune with their culture
6. Evaluation provides vital information about whether a prevention strategy works, what should be done next, and how to incorporate it in future planning. A process evaluation should be completed at specified milestones and may be used to determine whether an activity is meeting stated objectives and whether or not the activity should be dropped if it is not effective.
A. True
B. False
7. Messages and materials are the tools we use to connect substance abuse prevention strategies with their audiences. Mass media approaches such as posters all over town or public service announcements (PSAs) on radio and television are great for reaching a wide audience and for reinforcing the message by repeating it and keeping it out there, and they tend to be practical since they don’t require a lot of technical ability and are generally low cost.
A. True
B. False
8. To communicate effectively about substance abuse prevention topics, messages and materials should be accessible and easy to use. Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about starting points for communication with the audience?
A. Messages should grab the audience’s attention, provide human interest, and stir up emotions
B. Messages should tell audience members how to address a problem, get more information or seek assistance, and offer solutions that are specific and realistic
C. The most effective messages seem to be those which give strict warnings about substance abuse and grab the audience’s attention by using tactics that tend to be frightening
D. Prevention materials must convey a single identity and a constant message, so it is important to make sure that different products do not present conflicting information and that all presenters share the group’s values
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